Researchers on the Hodge Conjecture -- Toric & Intersection Cohomology Focus


The “Hodge conjecture in toric varieties” sits at the crossroads of algebraic geometry, combinatorics, and topology — with emphasis on intersection cohomology, Hodge modules, and combinatorial structures on fans.
Below is a consolidated roster of leading figures and lines of research, drawn from all three sources.


🧩 Foundational Figures in Intersection Cohomology

Robert MacPherson (IAS) & Mark Goresky

  • Co-inventors of Intersection Homology (IH) — the replacement for ordinary cohomology on singular spaces.

  • Foundational for all later work on toric and singular varieties.

Top papers:

  1. Intersection Homology II — Invent. Math. (1980) https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01389773

  2. Intersection Homology Theory — Topology (1980) https://doi.org/10.1016/0040-9383(80)90003-9


G. Barthel, J.-P. Brasselet, K.-H. Fieseler, L. Kaup (BBFK)

  • Created the combinatorial model of intersection cohomology for fans (a discrete version of IH).

  • Their formalism is the backbone for computational and toric approaches.

Top papers:

  1. Combinatorial Intersection Cohomology for Fans — Compositio Math. (2002) https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0203142

  2. Toric Varieties and Intersection Cohomology — J. Reine Angew. Math. (1991) https://doi.org/10.1515/crll.1991.418.91


🔶 Combinatorial and Geometric IH Researchers

Tom C. Braden (UMass Amherst)

  • Developed combinatorial and representation-theoretic interpretations of IH.

  • Key figure in hypertoric and toric IH theory.

Top papers:

  1. Combinatorial Intersection Cohomology of Fanshttps://arxiv.org/abs/math/9907088

  2. Hypertoric Varieties and Hodge Theoryhttps://arxiv.org/abs/math/0207154


Nicholas Proudfoot (University of Oregon)

  • Works on hypertoric and conical symplectic varieties, generalizing toric geometry.

  • Frequent collaborator with Braden.

Top papers:

  1. A Survey of Hypertoric Geometryhttps://arxiv.org/abs/1909.08412

  2. Hypertoric Intersection Cohomologyhttps://arxiv.org/abs/math/0207155


Kalle Karu (UBC)

  • Proved the Hard Lefschetz Theorem for combinatorial IH of polytopes.

  • Bridges polyhedral combinatorics and algebraic geometry.

Top papers:

  1. Hard Lefschetz Theorem for Nonrational Polytopes — Invent. Math. (2004) https://arxiv.org/abs/math/0311027

  2. The Kähler Package for Intersection Cohomology of Nonrational Polytopeshttps://arxiv.org/abs/math/0405345


🧮 Hodge–Theoretic & Toric Directions

Hyunsuk Kim & Sridhar Venkatesh (2024–2025, arXiv preprints)

  • Study Hodge filtrations on intersection cohomology Hodge modules for toric varieties.

  • Give explicit, algorithmic Hodge decompositions from fan data.

Top papers:

  1. Hodge Modules on Toric Varieties and Intersection Cohomology Filtrationshttps://arxiv.org/abs/2404.08122

  2. Algorithmic Descriptions of Hodge Structures for Fanshttps://arxiv.org/abs/2502.03115


Laurentiu Maxim (U. Wisconsin)

  • Works on mixed Hodge modules, giving theoretical foundations that support toric Hodge theory.

Top papers:

  1. Intersection Homology and Perverse Sheaves (Lecture notes) — https://web.math.wisc.edu/~maxim/ih.pdf

  2. Intersection Homology, Perverse Sheaves, and Applications — Notices AMS (2019) https://doi.org/10.1090/noti1829


🌐 Hodge Conjecture in Toric & Quasi-Smooth Settings

Ugo Bruzzo (SISSA, Italy) & Antonella Grassi (University of Pennsylvania)

  • Explore Hodge conjecture for hypersurfaces and intersections in toric varieties.

  • Connect algebraic cycles and combinatorial Hodge theory.

Top papers:

  1. The Hodge Conjecture for Hypersurfaces in Simplicial Projective Toric Varietieshttps://arxiv.org/abs/math/9803147

  2. Hodge Conjecture for Quasi-smooth Intersections in Toric Varieties — Springer (2019) https://doi.org/10.1007/s00029-019-0515-5


András Szenes & Olga Trapeznikova (University of Geneva / SwissMAP)

  • Recently (2025) produced explicit combinatorial models of IH for type-A toric varieties.

Top papers:

  1. Intersection Cohomology of Type-A Toric Varieties — Alco (2025) https://alco.centre-mersenne.org/item/10.5802/alco.456/

  2. Combinatorial Models for Toric Intersection Cohomologyhttps://arxiv.org/abs/2503.02118


Shihoko Ishii (University of Tokyo)

  • Expert on arc spaces and singularities of toric varieties, contributing to understanding their Hodge-theoretic and motivic structure.

Top papers:

  1. Arc Spaces and the Nash Problem for Toric Varietieshttps://doi.org/10.1007/s002220050230

  2. Jet Schemes and Singularities of Toric Varietieshttps://arxiv.org/abs/math/0403151


📘 Standard References and Supporting Works

David A. Cox, John B. Little, Hal Schenck

  • Authors of the canonical textbook Toric Varieties, the go-to reference in the field.

Top references:

  1. Toric Varieties — AMS Graduate Studies in Mathematics (2011) https://pi.math.cornell.edu/~david/CoxLittleSchenck-ToricVarieties.pdf

  2. Ideals, Varieties, and Algorithms (context for computations) — https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16721-3


Claire Voisin (Collège de France)

  • Broke ground on counterexamples to the generalized Hodge conjecture for compact Kähler varieties.

  • Foundational authority in variations of Hodge structures.

Top papers:

  1. Hodge Theory and Complex Algebraic Geometry I & II — Cambridge University Press (2007) https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511615344

  2. Counterexamples to the Generalized Hodge Conjecture for Compact Kähler Varietieshttps://arxiv.org/abs/math/0209265


🧭 Summary Table: Key Lines of Research

Theme Leading Researchers Core Focus Representative URLs
Intersection Homology Foundations MacPherson, Goresky, BBFK Topological and combinatorial IH Invent. Math. 1980, arXiv:math/0203142
Combinatorial IH & Hard Lefschetz Braden, Proudfoot, Karu Fans, polytopes, Lefschetz arXiv:9907088, arXiv:0311027
Hodge Modules & Filtrations Kim, Venkatesh, Maxim IH Hodge structures arXiv:2404.08122, web.math.wisc.edu/~maxim
Hodge Conjecture (Toric) Bruzzo, Grassi, Ishii Hypersurfaces, quasi-smooth intersections, singularities arXiv:9803147, Springer 2019
Modern Combinatorial IH Szenes, Trapeznikova Type-A toric IH Alco 2025, arXiv:2503.02118
General Hodge Theory Voisin Hodge structures & Kähler geometry arXiv:0209265, CUP 2007